The potential translation of bio-inert polymer scaffolds as bone substitutes is limited by the lack of neovascularization upon implantation and subsequently diminished ingrowth of host bone, most likely resulted from the inability to replicate appropriate endogenous crosstalk between cells. Human umbilical vein endothelial cell-derived decellularized extracellular matrix (HdECM), which contains a collection of angiocrine biomolecules, has recently been demonstrated to mediate endothelial cells(ECs) – osteoprogenitors(OPs) crosstalk. We employed the HdECM to create a PCL (polycaprolactone)/fibrin/HdECM (PFE) hybrid scaffold. We hypothesized PFE scaffold could reconstitute a bio-instructive microenvironment that reintroduces the crosstalk, resulting in vascularized bone regeneration. Following implantation in a…
The direct use of graphene for potential thermoelectric material requires the opening of its bandgap without loss of its high electric conductivity. We herein demonstrate a synchronous reduction and assembly strategy to fabricate large-area reduced graphene oxide films with high electric conductivity and optimized low thermal conductivity assembly. The reduced graphene oxide films have a high electric conductivity and low thermal conductivity, which results from high longitudinal carrier mobility of the lattice domains as well as the enhanced scattering of phonons in the defects and their boundary that substantially reduces the mean phonon free path and the thermal conductivity. Flexible…